The oral gifts (tongues, interpretation and prophecy) are discussed in much more detail in 1 Cor 14, but it is clear from Acts 2:11 that tongues (the ability to speak in another language that has not been previously learned) acts as a witness to unbelievers and that the content of speaking in tongues will always involve glorifying God. Speaking in tongues is an audible sign of God’s presence: ‘Whenever the Spirit came, this was always manifest by tangible evidence. Not only were the subjects themselves gloriously aware that they had received the Spirit, but in every single instance mentioned in the New Testament, onlookers knew something had happened.’ (George Canty, ‘The Practice of Pentecost’, P 83) In the context of corporate worship, tongues spoken out publicly are interpreted so that others can understand and be blessed. Interpretation is not the same as translation, but conveys the message given in another language in a language understood by the majority.
Prophecy is a forth-telling from God in the language understood by the hearers. It can come by dreams and visions (Num 6:12) or be spontaneous (2 Chron 20:14) and is for the edification and encouragement of the church (1 Cor 14:3, 31). It does not necessarily speak of future events, though there can be a ‘now’ and a ‘not yet’ aspect to this gift.
The gifts involving knowledge are clearly speaking of a knowledge beyond human intellect. Biblical examples of words of knowledge abound (eg 1 Sam 9:20, 2 Kings 6:8-23, Acts 10:19-20, Acts 16:7) and this is often connected also to words of wisdom (see Joseph’s and Daniel’s interpretation of dreams, for example.) Distinguishing between spirits involves recognising the spirit behind people’s words and actions and then leads to deliverance of those troubled by evil spirits (see Acts 16:17-18, for example.) The rise in occult practices today means that this is not simply something tied to history; it can be a real danger to people today.
The supernatural knowledge given by God often leads people to speak out and then to do things. ‘Signs and wonders’ involve deliverance, healings and miracles which cannot be explained by natural means. Examples are given of Paul doing this (see Acts 19:11-12, Acts 20:9-11 and Acts 28:3-6), as well as Philip (Acts 8:6-7), Peter (Acts 3:6-7) and Stephen (Acts 6:6-8).
The purpose of these gifts is not, however, to feed human egos or to make people feel good about themselves. The gifts are given to build up the church and to testify to God’s power. Peter told the crowds ‘Therefore let all Israel be assured of this: God has made this Jesus, whom you crucified, both Lord and Messiah.’ (Acts 2:36) Grace gifts demonstrate to a sceptical and cynical world that Jesus is indeed Lord. Let’s pray we see these gifts manifest in our church and community so that many will come to believe in the King of Kings!Q